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2007/3/30

Exchange Server 2007 and Client Licensing

Summary 

Exchange Server 2007 has two different licensing options for customers. The CAL (Client Access License) can be of two either Enterprise or Standard. This tutorial will describe both types and will provide more information about this new licensing schema.

More Information

The licensing mode can be either Standard o Enterprise and it will control the features available or users into an Exchange. By default, all the licences will be Standard, which gives the right to use the e-mail system and when it is necessary to use additional features, we are talking about Enterprise licenses.

We will describe in a table below the features by CAL type.

 

Feature Exchange Standard CAL Exchange Enterprise CAL
Message Records Management   X
Regras de Transport (Transport Rules) X X
Standard Journaling X X
Premium Journaling   X
Unified Messaging   X

The Standard or Enterprise licensing is indiferent to the Exchange Server Version, (Exchange Server Standard or Enterprise). Another point is that if we have 1000 users and only 250 need enterprise features, we can purchase 750 Standard Licenses and 250 Enterprise licenses.

Conclusion

In this tutorial, we discussed how are and where to use the different CAL licenses. For more information please visit: http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=65320.

2007/3/27

Alterando el limite de reglas de un usuario en Exchange Server 2007

Sumario

Exchange Server 2007 acabo con el limite de 32kb en reglas para un usuario, de manera predeterminada, ahora todo usuario ya trae ese limite y podemos subir este valor hasta 256kb.

Contenido 

Vamos a utilizar el usuario administrator en nuestro ejemplo y vamos a cambiar el limite de reglas para este usuario, siguiend los siguientes pasos:

  1. Abrir el Exchange Management Shell
  2. Vamos a utilizar el cmdlet Set-Mailbox para modificar la propiedad RulesQuota, de la siguiente manera:

    set-mailbox <usuario> -RulesQuota:(tamaño)KB

    entonces:

    set-mailbox administrator -RulesQuota:256KB
  3. Para verificar el resultado, usaremos el cmdlet get-mailbox.
    get-mailbox <usuario> |select name, rulesquota

    entonces:

    get-mailbox administrator |select name, rulesquota

  4. Todo el proceso desarrollado en estos pasos, se muestra en la siguiente figura:
     


Este limite de 256kb es solo para reglas activas, no hay limite para reglas deshabilitadas, se puede tener 5Mb de reglas sin problemas, dado que como dijimos anteriormente, este valor solo se aplica a las reglas habilitadas.

Conclusion

En este tutorial, mostramos como aumentar el limite de reglas para un usuario especifico a traves del Exchange Management Shell, con la flexibilidad de que el nos proporciona al poder alterar valores para uno o varios usuarios simultaneamente.

2007/3/23

Using Exchange Management Shell to obtain mailbox usage reports

Summary 

Exchange Server 2007, thru its Exchange Management Shell, lets us get mailbox statistics and also lets us get information of a specific mailbox.

More Information

We can review the statistics of any mailbox with the cmdlet GetMailboxStatistics, in the following way:

Get-MailboxStatistics <username> | fl

With this cmdlet we will get lots of interesting information, such as:

  • Total size of the deleted items
  • Name of the user's database
  • Date of last logoff
  • Date of last logon
  • Last account that logged on to that mailbox
  • Number of deleted items
  • Total size of the items
  • Name of the Storage Group
  • Informations about the limit status

In the example below, we use the pipe |fl in order to get the results formatted in a list.

If we want to get even more information, we can use the cmdlet Get-MailboxFolderStatistics:

Get-MailboxFolderStatistics <username>

With the help of this cmdlet we will obtain information for each folder of each mailbox, and within those informations, we will get the following data:

  • Number of items on the folder
  • Folder Path within the mailbox 
  • Size of the Folder
  • Number of items in the folders and subfolders
  • Date of the oldest and newest size of the folder
  • Si es administrada o no

In the example below, we used the pipe |ft for the results to be shown on the table.

Conclusion

In this tutorial, we showed how to how to get statistic information on a mailbox and every folder on it, and we learned how to display output on powershell, on list and table formats.

2007/3/15

Managing Outlook AnyWhere

Summary

We are going to show how to manage Outlook Anywhere, (also known as RPC over HTTP). We are going to show in a few steps how to deploy this feature on Exchange 2007.

More Information 

To add Outlook Anywhere in our Exchange Server 2007 computer, we have several steps to complete, and also some requirements:

The environment for the solution that we are going to show is the following:

We have an Exchange Server 2007 computer with the Client Access, Hub Transport and Mailbox Server roles, and we are going to use a temporary certificate with the help of SelfSSL, a free tool. The best way to do this is by purchasing a certificate, because otherwise we must install a non-trusted certificate in the workstation and that generates additional actions on the client side.

Installing RPC over HTTP Proxy

To install RPC over HTTP Proxy, we must follow these steps:

  1. Click on Start, select Control Panel
  2. Select Add/Remove Programs
  3. Click on the left side on the Add/Remove Windows Components section
  4. Select Networking Services and click on Details
  5. Select RPC over HTTP Proxy and click on OK in all the windows 

 

Validating the installation of RPC over HTTP Proxy

To check if the installation was successful, we must go to the IIS Manager and check that the Rpc and RpcWithCert are present, as shown in the picture.

 

Configuring OutlookAnywhere on our Exchange Server 2007 computer

Ahora vamos a configurar OutlookAnywhere en nuestro servidor Exchange Server 2007, esto se realiza en cada servidor en el nivel de Server Configuration y en la parte de Client Access. Debemos realizar los siguientes pasos: 

  1. Open Exchange Management Console
  2. Expand Server Configuration
  3. Click on Client Access
  4. On the Result Panel, select the desired server to configure 
  5. On the Work Panel, click on owa (Default Web Site)
  6. On the Toolbox Actions, click on Enable Outlook Anywhere

  1. On the new window that will be opened, we must type the name that will be used on the Outlook Client, and also will be used for the certificate. We can leave as the authentication the Basic Authentication, because we are going to encrypt all the communications via SSL. Fill out with the public name, and then click Enable to continue.

  1. Completion. We will be informed of the cmdlet used for the deployment of Outlook Anywhere on this computer. We must click on Finish.

 

Creating a certificate with SelfSSL

We must first install IIS 6.0 Resource Kit and then, follow these steps:

  1. Click on Start
  2. Select Programs
  3. Select IIS Resources
  4. Click on SelfSSL
  5. Click on SelfSSL
  6. On the command line prompt, we must type

selfssl /n:cn=mail.contoso.local /v:365

Where: /m:cn=mail.contoso.local is the name that will be used on the certificate and was already defined for Outlook Anywhere
/v:365 is the number of days that the certificate will be valid

  1. Select Y and press Enter

  1. Now we must test the configuration, so we must go to Start, select Run and type https://mail.contoso.local

  1. Security Alert. We will get a window asking for confirmation about the certificate installed, we must click on Yes. Nota: On purchased certificates, this screen will not appear.

 

Configuring Outlook 2007 to be used with Outlook Anywhere

  1. Select Start, go to Control Panel
  2. Click on Mail
  3. Click on E-mail Accounts
  4. On the E-mail tab, click on Microsoft Exchange Server and then click on Change...

  1. Click on More settings...
  2. Click on Connection
  3. Select the Connect to my Exchange mailbox using HTTP checkbox
  4. Click on Exchange Proxy Settings...
  5. Type the external address on the https:// field, and select the Connect using SSL only and On slow networks, connect using HTTP first, then connect using TCP/IP checkboxes
    Note: To test Outlook Anywhere on a LAN, we must also select On fast networks, connect using HTTP first, then connect using TCP/IP

  1. Now we must open Outlook 2007, and we will see the following screen. We must click on View Certificate.

  1. On the new window, we must click on Install Certificate, and we will see a dialog box showing that the import was successful.

  1. Now, to check that everything was configured as expected, we must close Outlook 2007 and we must go to Start, then click on Run and type

Outlook /rpcdiag

  1. We will see in the following screen the test to check that the connection to the directory and email was done via https, and also confirming that our tutorial was successfully completed.

Conclusion

In this tutorial, we reviewed

  • How to configure Outlook Anywhere on Exchange Server 2007 on the Client Access role. As this feature is server-based, enabling it in more computers will add high availability to this feature.
  • How to install a temporary certificate on the server
  • How to configure the Outlook 2007 e-mail client

2007/3/13

Configuring Out of Office in Outlook 2007 with Exchange Server 2007

Summary

We are going to show how to configure Outlook 2007 to work with the Out Of Office new features that are available on Exchange Server 2007.

The biggest change that we have on the OOF feature on Exchange Server 2007 can be discussed in these points:

  • We now have two OOF messages, one for internal users and the other for external users
  • Via OWA we can configure these messages with different formats
  • We can setup the OOF to be sent on a specific date and time

More Information

To work with OOF in Outlook 2007, we must follow these steps:

  1. Open Outlook 2007
  2. Click on Tools, then select Out of Office Assistant...



     
  3. In the new window, we can enable (or not) OOF in the first two options. For the purposes of our example, we are enabling thru the (Send Out of Office auto-replies) option and also we configure that this will be enabled during a specific day and time.

    In the part below, we have to tabs; Inside my organization will be used to configure the messages sent to the internal network and Outside my organization, that is the place where we are going to define the messages that will be sent to the external users.


  4. We can also disable this option for an indeterminate time


  5. On the Outside My Organization tab, we can also configure if we want to auto-reply to our know contacts or anybody. As this is going to be a reply to an external mailbox, we will type a more formal message.

  6. After configuring Out Of Office (OOF), we can check on the Outlook 2007 interface, on its left corner, that we have the OOF option enabled.

Conclusion

In this tutorial, we showed how to configure the new OOF features in Outlook 2007 with Exchange Server 2007.

2007/3/7

Upgrading to Exchange Server 2007

Summary

Exchange Server 2007 introduces new changes on the existing Exchange Organization, and also there are many ways to migrate from our existing environment to Exchange Server 2007. We are going to discuss the most common migration scenarios.

This tutorial is an overview of the steps required at the time of starting the migration process.

More Information 

We are going to review the possible migration scenarios from the following messaging products:

Exchange 5.5

There is no chance to migrate from Exchange Server 5.5 to Exchange Server 2007, it is necessary to migrate all the resources to Exchange Server 2000 or Exchange Server 2003.

Exchange 200x

The Exchange organization must be in native mode. There is no upgrade in place, we must deploy Exchange Server 2007 into our organization and then move the resources to the new servers. There is no problem related to infrastructure, because we can deploy a x64 Exchange Server 2007 into a x86 Exchange Server 200x organization.

Important: During this transition process, it will not be possible to manage Exchange Server 2003 thru the Exchange Management Console of Exchange Server 2007, the Exchange System Manager will have to be used instead.

The steps for this migration can be reviewed in the following steps:

  1. Deploy the Edge Transport Server to prepare an external interfaces for the first Hub Transport deployed computers
  2. Deploy the Client Access to provide services to our users
  3. Deploy the Hub Transport and prepare the connector communication between Exchange 2003 and Exchange 2007, it will appear on the Exchange 200x's Exchange System Manager a random routing group that will let that process to be done. We must enable the Link State in that server for the message routing.
  4. Deploy the Mailbox Server.
  5. Move resources (mailboxes, public folders and system folders)
  6. Remove the legacy Exchange 200x servers that are no longer required
  7. Remove the connectors between routing groups and remove the routing groups

Lotus Notes

A migration from Notes will be possible with a new migration tool called Microsoft Transporter.

Other e-mail servers

Sharing SMTP addresses and moving the resources with tools under development at this moment.

Conclusion 

In this tutorial, we learned how to deploy Exchange Server 2007 into an existing infrastructure, which are the high level steps required in this process and what is possible to do inside our environment.

Gathering Exchange Server 2007 Organization information via Outlook Web Access

Summary 

Outlook Web Access in Exchange Server 2007 lets us check important Exchange Server 2007 information. Some of them are: additional features that a Exchange Server CAS computer has assigned, if it is using a proxy or redirecting a CAS server, information about the operating system on the server, among other features.

By logging on in Outlook Web Access, we can discover many important features about our deployed Exchange Server 2007 computer.


More Information

Collecting that kind of data is really simple. We must follow these steps.

  1. On the upper area, close to the search box, click on Options
  2. On Options, select About.
  3. On the right frame, we can see the important information, and we can also click on Copy to clipboard to store that information in memory.

 

Conclusion 

In this tutorial, we learned how to visualize important information of our Exchange Server 2007 computer, such as organization features, etc, everything by using Outlook Web Access.

2007/2/24

Managing legacy versions of OWA through the Exchange Server 2007 CAS Server

Summary

Exchange Server 2007, by its Client Access Server (CAS) role, acts as a proxy for Exchange Server 2003 requests. This is important thru the transition period from Exchange 2000 or Exchange 2003 to Exchange Server 2007. Because of Microsoft's best practices, we must deploy a CAS first into our network and remove all the front-end servers of our environment. This tutorial will show an example of how does this work.

More Information

When a CAS server is deployed, this computer has the following virtual directories:

/Exchange and /Public to keep compatibility with legacy versions

/OWA is the new address in OWA 2007

As the CAS is supposed to be the first server to be deployed in the Exchange Organization, and it is going to replace the Front-End servers, it must be in the internal network (as it was not happening with the previous versions)

We are going to see in an example below how a client is going to work when the CAS server is deployed in the network. In our environment, the CAS role is installed in a server named SRV-AD, and the clients will start to access https://srv-ad/exchange for the legacy versions and https://srv-ad/exchange/public for public folder access.

 

Now, we are accessing the Client Access Server form that will be Exchange Server 2007, but after the user with a mailbox in Exchange 2003 is being authenticated.




The result will be an user authentication with Exchange 2003 and a screen on 2003 format, but we must take a look at the address.

Accessing Public Folders thru the Client Access Server

So now we are going to access the public folders thru the /Public folder of the Client Access Server and we can access as usual to our data even if the interface is Exchange 2003.

Configuring OWA authentication of Exchange Server 2007 legacy versions
By default, the /Exchange folder uses forms authentication, so to do the same that was already for Exchange Server 2003, in other words, we configure that the users on the Authenticated group that access the /exchange folder on the CAS server, the user will have his/her mailbox automatically opened.

To do so, we must do the following:

  1. Open Exchange Management Console
  2. Expand Server Configuration
  3. Click on Client Access
  4. Click on the desired server on the Work Panel
  5. Click on the Exchange (Default Web Site) folder in the Result Panel
  6. On the Toolbox Actions click on Properties


  7. We must go to the Authentication tab and click on Use one or more standard authentication methods: and select Integrated Windows authentication, finally click OK.

  8. We will require to do a iisreset /noforce for the changes to take effect.
  9. After this procedure, we can access http://<cas-server>/exchange and the OWA will be automatically opened.

Conclusion
In this tutorial we learned how the Client Access Server (CAS) computer works with Exchange 2000/2003 and how to configure authentication for a OWA Virtual Server.

2007/2/23

Preparing Active Directory for Exchange Server 2007

Summary

We are going to show in this tutorial how we prepare the Schema for Exchange Server 2007, remembering that this is part of a major process that must be completed in the creation of a new Exchange 2007 organization, or, in the transition from an Exchange 2003 organization.
This process described in this tutorial is automatically complete when the product is installed thru the graphic interface, but we can choose this option if we have a complex deployment, with a great number of sites and replication between them.
 

Important - The right order for this deployments is:

  1. Permission Preparation (Setup /PrepareLegacyExchangePermissions)
  2. Schema Preparation (Setup /PrepareSchema) 
  3.  Active Directory Preparation (Setup /PrepareAD) 
  4.  Domain Preparation (if necessary) (setup /PrepareDomain o setup /PrepareAllDomains)

More Information

The Schema preparation for Exchange Server 2007 adds attributes and classes to Active Directory. And it makes lots of modifications to the already existent classes and attributes. 

These are general information tips for this process

  • If we do not have already prepared the Exchange Permissions (setup /PrepareLegacyExchangePermissions), everything will be automatically running during our Schema preparation process. 
  • By running /PrepareSchema, the Schema Master server will be contacted and it also will import LDIF files to update the Schema with Exchange Server 2007 attributes.
  • We must be members of the Schema Admins and the Enterprise Admins groups.
  • We must run this command in a computer that belongs to the same domain and site of the Schema Master.
  • To check that the replication between Domain Controllers is working, we can use the ReplMon tool that is part of the Support Tools

To prepare the Schema, we must follow these steps: 

  1. Go to Start, click on Run 
  2. Type CMD and click OK 
  3. Go to the unit or location where the binaries of Exchange Server 2007 are located
  4. Type
    setup.com /PrepareSchema



  5. We can chech that the task was completed successfully.

Conclusion

In this tutorial, we showed how to prepare the Schema for Exchange Server 2007. If we run the command setup /PrepareLegacyExchangePermissions everything will be automatically completed. 

2007/2/13

Managing User Features in Exchange Server 2007

Summary

Exchange Server 2007 has new features that were done in Exchange 2003, Exchange 2003 SP1 and Exchange 2003 SP2. In this tutorial, we are going to review how to disable services at user level and we will verify that it is possible now to disable the MAPI access to an user from the graphic interface, without modifying attributes in Active Directory as it happens in SP2. 

More Information

Para deshabilitar servicios de usuario, debemos efectuar los siguientes pasos:
  1. Go to Start, select Programs, click on Microsoft Exchange Server 2007 and select Exchange Management Console.
  2. Select Recipient Configuration
  3. Select Mailbox
  4. Click the desired user and go to the right pane and click on Properties, or just double-click the user.
  5. Go to the Mailbox Features tab.
  6. In this window, we can select the feature to enable/disable, and we can do that with the upper buttons, we can also modify any property related to the selected feature.
  7. Once the configuration is complete, we can click on Apply and OK. 


Conclusion
 
In this tutorial, we reviewed how to manage user properties such as OWA, ActiveSync, UM y MAPI in Exchange Server 2007.

Changing a language for a user's OWA on Exchange 2007

Summary

Outlook Web Access in Exchange Server 2007 lets us to configure the language based on the user properties and not based on the Internet Explorer configuration. In this tutorial we are going to show the steps to change the language of the user interface.
 

More Information

To modify the OWA language of an user, we are going to use the Windows Management Shell. To do so, follow these steps:
  1. Go to Start, select Programs, then Microsoft Exchange Server 2007 and click on Exchange Management Shell.
  2. The sintaxis of the command will be:

    Set-Mailbox user -Languages:language-country


    Where:
     - user: we must enter the username of the person that we are going to change the language
     - language: in this case, it will be en for english, pt for portuguese, fr for french, es for spanish, etc..
     - country: in this case, it will be ar for Argentina, us for United States, br for Brazil, ca for Canada, etc.

    So, to change the language for the administrator to Spanish-Argentina, the command will be:

    set-mailbox administrator -languages:es-ar
  3. To check if everything went as expected, follow these steps:

    get-mailbox administrator | select languages

    where: administrator is the mailbox, and languages is the attribute of the username, so, it will list the language of the specified user.


    The output of the command is going to be the one shown below:


  • Now that we already defined the language, we must access Outlook Web Access and check the language, we can see that it was changed to Spanish-Argentina. (see the 4th line on the right part of the figure below)

    Conclusion

    In this tutorial we showed how to customize the language of OWA for one or more users using an user property and not a property on the Exchange Server 2007 client.

  • 2007/2/10

    Using NTBACKUP on Exchange Server 2007

    Overview

    In this tutorial, we are going to describe the backup process of Exchange Server 2007 with the ntbackup tool that is available on the operating system.

    However, it is recommended to backup and restore an Exchange Server computer with a software that has VSS integration and that uses the Exchange Server APIs. Anyway, the support on ntbackup is still available. Maybe in the next Exchange release it will not have support, but until that time comes, we can use the ntbackup to do a Exchange Server 2007 online backup.
    We remind the readers that it is totally recommended to use a backup software with VSS support for Exchange Server 2007.


    More Information

    To start the backup process
    To start the backup using ntbackup, we must follow these steps:
    1. Click in Start, select Run, type ntbackup and click OK.
    2. On the NTBackup console, we must go to the Backup tab.
    3. Expand Microsoft Exchange Server
    4. Expand <Server>
    5. Select Microsoft Information Store
    6. On Backup media or file name we must add the path to the *.bkf file.
    7. Click on Start Backup.

      8.    On the Backup Job Information page, we must choose the backup type and then click on Start Backup


       9.    Next window will confirm us that the backup process is complete.

    To verify the backup with the Exchange Management Console
    To validate if the backup was completed successfully, we must follow these steps:

    1. Go to the Exchange Management Console
    2. Expand the Server Configuration node
    3. Click on Mailbox
    4. Select the desired server on the work panel
    5. On the Result Panel, click the mailbox store and click on Properties on the Actions pane

     

    1. On the General tab, we have the Last full backup field with the date and time of the last full backup, and that must be the same time of the backup process described above. For the purposes of this tutorial, the time will be the same.

     

    Conclusion

    In this tutorial we learned how to do an Exchange online backup using ntbackup. Even being an old tool, it is still suitable for this task.

    2007/2/9

    Changing password on Exchange 2007 Outlook Web Access

    Summary

    The big difference between Exchange Server 2003 and Exchange Server 2007 is that the password change it is already integrated into the product, we do not need to do any additional thing on IIS to enable the feature. InExchange Server 2007, we can also block this kind of resource configuring the CAS server or thru user level.

    More Information

    The password change is really simple. We will have to log on to owa and follow these steps.
     
    1. On the upper part, besides the search section, we must click on Options


    2. In Options, click on Change Password
    3. On the right frame, we must type the old password then the new and with its confirmation


    4. After typing the new password, we must click on Save (upper part of the page)
    5. After changing the password, we will get go to a screen as shown below, so we will have to click on OK and return to the logon screen to start a session with the recently changed password.



      Conclusion

      In this tutorial we learned how a simple user can change his/her password in OWA 2007. 
    2007/2/8

    Understanding Exchange Server 2007 Roles

    Summary

    Exchange Server 2007 has several changes compared to its previous versions. In the 2000 and 2003 versions, we only had Front-End or Back-End servers. Now we have 5 different roles: Edge Transport, Hub Transport, Mailbox, Client Access and Unified Messaging. Each one of them has a specific context and all together have the purpose of bring the best experience to the end user.

    Exchange Server 2007 was designed based on 3 different visions: the IT Pro vision, the Information Worker vision and the security vision. Based on those 3 points, these functions are distributed in a way to improve and deliver: security, collaboration and network infrastructure in the best possible way for the en user and the messaging administrator.
     
    We are going to show every one of these functions and how all of them are communicated with the new Exchange Server 2007 architecture.
     

    More Information

    General Vision
    The five Exchange Server 2007 roles are:
    1. Edge Transport
    2. Hub Transport
    3. Mailbox
    4. Client Access
    5. Unified Messaging.

    Each one of them has specific features and they attend a set of specific services. As an overview, we can review the several functions distributed in the figure.


    We can see that the only function that must be isolated of the rest is Edge Transport. The reason for this is that we must preserve the whole integrity of the environment. With this configuration, the only machine really exposed to the internet is isolated and does not have access to the Active Directory resources.
     
    Understanding the Exchange Server 2007 Functions
    We can manage all the functions of an Exchange Server Organization from the setup, and also, thru a command line tool named ExSetup, that lets us easily add or remove rules. In some functions some prerequisites are required and must be verified prior implementation.

    The only exception will be the Edge Transport role, that must belong to a computer outside the domain, because of its role of routing and cleaning messages arriving to the Exchange Organization, and also its location, that can be placed into a DMZ.
     
    Now that we have a general vision of the features, let's understand a little bit more every one of them:
     
    Edge Transport
    • The Edge Transport server provides all the cleaning policy, safety and policies on messages that come from the Internet to the Exchange organization.
    • On the hygiene policy part, we can talk about the following security features: attachment filtering, connection filters, recipient filters, emisor filters, Sender ID, etc.
    • This computer must be placed in and must be a member of a workgroup. The Edge Transport role does not have access to Active Directory and uses the ADAM (Active Directory Application Mode) to store schema and configuration information. It is necessary to synchronize ADAM with Active Directory so the Edge has an updated list of users in the Exchange organization so it can categorize and redirect messages correctly. Because of this, an Edge Transport can serve more than one Exchange organization.
    • We can obtain high availability of this role adding more servers to this function.

    Hub Transport

    • The Hub Transport server works with all the traffic of internal messages, it applies the rule of transport and it is responsible for the message delivery to the users. In this computer, we create all the connectors for the message transference with the Edge Transport Server, with the other Hub Transport Servers in other sites, and also with Exchange Server 2003 computers.
    • The Hub Transport computer is extremely important, even for the simple delivery of a message between the same Mailbox Server it is necessary the presence of the Hub Transport Server. And every Active Directory site that has a Mailbox Server, needs a Transport Server.
    • We can obtain high availability of this role adding more servers to this function.

    Client Access

    • It permits access to mailboxes thru Outlook Web Access, POP3, IMAP4, RPC over HTTP and ActiveSync.
    • It gets internet connections from the users that access their mailboxes thru the protocols mentiones above. When an user connection is received, the Client Access Server contacts Active Directory to authenticate the user and determine the mailbox location for the user. If the user is in the same site than the Client Access Server, it connects the user to the mailbox, if not, it will be redirected to a Client Access Server in the remote Active Directory site.
    • The Client Access is the server that is going to be published on the ISA Server for external client access to the Exchance Server communication protocols. It must be a Client Access server for every site where we have a Mailbox Server installed.
    • We can obtain high availability of this role adding more servers to this function.
    Mailbox
    • Mailbox Server stores all the databases. A database contains the mailboxes of all the users. In this new version, there is an improved calendar, a resource management and offline address book downloads.
    • We can obtain high availability of this resource implementing a cluster of this resource. When this resource is implemented, it is not possible to add more features to this server/cluster.
    Unified Messaging
    • This feature enables all the users to access its voice mail, email, fax and and calendar information that are located at the inbox.
    • This function accesses Active Directory to get global configurations, such as dial plans and IP Gateways. When a message is received thru the Unified Messaging Server, the server will look in Active Directory for recipients that match the mailbox telefone. When that information is resolved, the Unified Messaging Server can determine the recipient's mailbox store location and send a message to the Hub Transport server to deliver it to the mailbox.
    • We can obtain high availability of this role adding more servers to this function.

    All the features together...
    Now that we know all the features of every role, we are going to see them working together. We will show in the figure below the Exchange Server 2007 architecture:
     

    In this figure, we have a graphic where we can see all the functions and how they are distributed.

    • We see that the Edge Transport puts a security barrier between the organization and the external world, applying routing and hygiene policies for the messages.
    • The Hub Transport role, ensures that the internal messages routing between sites and messages from the edge is the same, applying message policies, as all the messages pass thru this function.
    • The Client Access role is responsible of all the access protocols to the contents of the user's mailboxes. It is being accessed directly, bringing flexibility and performance.
    • The Mailbox role, is the main information repository and that is the reason why it is the only that can have clusterized resources.
    • And the last one, the Unified Messaging role, that is an interface between the user mailbox with the telephony system.

    Conclusion

    In this tutorial, we showed the new functions of Exchange Server 2007, which components direct each one, and how can we generate high availability with them.

    2007/2/1

    Outlook Clients supported in Exchange Server 2007

    Summary

    In Exchange 2007 there is a change in the scope of the supported clients of a Exchange Server 2007 computer, in this tutorial we are going to discuss those changes and show some interesting data that must be known before deploying the product.

    More Information

    In this tutorial we are going to talk about the Outlook versions and Exchange Server 2007, remembering that the best solution for network administrators and/or users is to deploy Exchange Server 2007 with Outlook 2007. The reason of this is that only Outlook 2007 supports all the Exchange Server 2007 Web Services (High Availability, Out Of Office, Offline Address Book and Unified Messaging). The other versions of this product are only compatible, in other words, they do not use all the messaging resources.
    At the moment, there are 6 different versions of Microsoft Outlook, and they are:
    • Outlook 2007
    • Outlook 2003
    • Outlook 2002 or XP
    • Outlook 97 or 98

    These versions, in relation to Exchange Server, can be compared in the following table:

      Exchange Server 2007 Exchange Server 2003 Exchange 2000 Server Exchange Server 5.5
    Outlook 2007  Supported Supported1 Supported1 Not Supported2
    Outlook 2003 Supported3 Supported Supported4 Supported4
    Outlook 2002 (XP) Supported5 Supported Supported Supported
    Outlook 2000 Not Supported6 Supported Supported Supported
    Outlook 97/8 Not Supported Not Supported7 Supported Supported


    Observaciones:
    1. Some features, new for Outlook 2007, cannot be used without Exchange Server 2007
    2. Outlook 2007 does not work with Exchange Server 5.5 mailboxes
    3. Some features, new for Outlook 2007, are not available in Outlook 2003
    4. RPC over HTTP and lists (Safe and Block Lists) are not compatibles
    5. Some new Exchange Server 2007 features, are not available in Outlook 2002/XP.
    6. Exchange Server 2007 was not tested with Outlook 2000 because of the product lifecycle. It may work, but it is not supported.
    7. Exchange Server 2003 was not tested with Outlook 97/8 because of the product lifecycle. It may work, but it is not supported.

    Now that we know the Outlook versions that we can deploy with any Exchange Version, we are going to compare the new features of Outlook 2007 compared with Outlook 2003 and OWA (Outlook Web Access) 2007.

    Funcionalidades Description Outlook 2003 Office Outlook 2007  Outlook Web Access 2007
    Scheduling Assistant Ability in schedule meetings, informing at the right the available times in a smart way. No Yes Yes
    Ability to propose new meeting time Ability to propose a new time for a meeting, showing the differences in the invite in another colour. Yes Yes No
    Out of Office message scheduling Possibility to schedule the OOF (Out of Office) messages in an advanced way. No Yes Yes
    Internal and External Out of Office settings We can send different Out of Office messages to people inside or outside the company No Yes Yes
    AutoDiscover Automatic configuration of the client using only username and password No Yes -
    LinkAccess Access to Sharepoint and internal file servers without connecting to a VPN. No Partial (Permits documents cache) Yes
    Unified Messaging support Rich Interface for voice messaging and fax sent via Exchange Unified Messaging including an extension integrated into Media Player  No (Audio messages appear as attachments not integrated into the message) Yes Yes
    Add note to voice mail Add notes to the voice messages received in Outlook No Yes Yes
    Advanced search capabilities Quickly search a message with several search criteria  Partial (minor advance on cached mode) Yes Yes
    Managed Folders Folders administered as a feature where the retention rules are defined by the administrator Partial (The new folders will appear but without policy retention info) Yes Yes
    Partial item download Synchronization happens only in the necessary items(follow-up flag, subject or message body) obtaining a better performance. No Yes -
    Message Classification Message Classification of messages in transit or still in the Outlook client.  No Yes Yes

    Conclusion

    In this tutorial, we showed a general vision of Outlook 2007 in relation with its older versions, and also a comparative table between Outlook versions in relation to Exchange Server.

    2007/1/28

    Powershell Functional Units

     

    Summary

    Today we are going to share a little bit of Powershell teorical info and then we will start showing some basic commands.

    More Information

    In this post, we are going to know more about commandlets.

    Cmdlets
    A Cmdlet (or “command-let”) is the smallest functional unit in Powershell. In a traditional shell, for example CMD.EXE or ksh, all the commands are executable files that vary from really simple (like attrib.exe) to the most complex (as netsh.exe). With Powershell, all the commands are simple and small, because of the use or "command-lets" o Cmdlets.

    A Cmdlet is not a separated executable file. It is an administered class of code. A Cmdlet is a verb and a sustantive separated by a "-", for example

    get-location

    The default verb for all the Cmdlets is "get", so it is not needed to type "get-location"; "location" will work too. But, for the purposes of this post, we are going to use the verb-substantive combination.

    To show the available list of commands
    Once we called the Microsoft Command Shell, we can start exploring the environment.

    This command will show the list of registered commands sorted by substantive

    get-command

    To show the parameters for a command, you must specify the name verb-substantive as a parameter for get-command. For example, to show parameters for set-alias, use the following:

    get-command set-alias

    Navegation
    To show the list of network mapping using the powershell drive units:

    get-drive

    To change to a different location (as the cd command in cmd.exe), use the command:

    set-location c:\
     
     

    Conclusion

    In this tutorial we reviewed the basic concepts of Windows Powershell. In the following tutorials, we are going to show how Powershell interacts with Exchange Server 2007.
    2007/1/26

    Powershell Definitions

    Summary

    We are showing several Powershell features on this blog but we would like to share in this tutorial some basic terms, definitions, history, and objective of Powershell.
     

    More Information

    First of all, we are going to share some questions and answers.

    1 - What is Powershell ?
    Powershell is a way to automate a system.

    2 - What is this about? How many component does it have?
    It has four components.

     - First, it is interactive and customizable as kshell or bash. So, if an user is familiar with these kinds of shell, Powershell has those features.
     - Second, it is programatic as Perl, or Ruby. So, when a high automation level is needed, there is no need to use another tools.
     - Third, it is oriented to production capabilities, as the DCL from VMS, or AS/400. It is focused on solving management problems.
     - Fourth, all the information from a system can be easily found on the file system.

    It is a way that let user be part of the Microsoft's automation initiative, and it can be aligned with dynamic systems.
    This vision is different to the traditional, in this world we have commands, called commandlets (cmdlets) that are .NET classes. Windows Powershell is a hosting environment that takes .NET classes and show them as commands the hosting environment does lots of the traditional work that a developer needed to do in the past.

    3- How does it interact with other systems?
    If we think about that, there was basically 2 computing languages geenrations based on really simple concepts, and Powershell is the third one. First was UNIX, which idea was to put data on ASCII files to then build a set of tools to manipulate them. It worked really great. Then, something as simple as that, it came SQL, which meant something like, ok let's find a way to put all the data together. Let's put thins in tables, let's identify these columns as keys, and then SQL can build things as indexes, queries, joins, do composition with all the data . With .NET it becomes things object oriented. It lets to build a set of objects management.


    Powershell objective
    The main objective of the shell is to improve the management of a Windows platform from a rich, robust and extensible command environment. To reach that objective, the shell provides an ability to combine lots of different activities and actions to affect the changes in a system.

    This follows the management model used today:
    1. Use an interactive shell
    2. Use commands to check their output
    3. Use the output of those commands in a set of tools to solve the desired task
    4. Iterate till that task is complete
    5. Put all the results in a script file and clean it up to share
     
    In the next post, we are going to talk about Powershell features with examples.

    Conclusion

    In this tutorial we described the Introduction to Windows Powershell, describing components, objectives and ways of interaction of Powershell with other technologies.
    2007/1/23

    Exchange Server 2007 and Windows Powershell

    Summary

    As we are discussing on this blog, Exchange Server 2007 has lots of new features, and the management part has also changed with this version adding features too. The ESM (Exchange System Manager) became the Exchange Management Console and now uses Windows Powershell to manage Exchange 2007. 

    In this tutorial, we are going to review how these technologies will assist all the messaging administrators to develop their tasks.

    More Information

    Before analyzing Exchange Server 2007 and Windows Powershell, it is interesting to have a better knowledge of .NET Framework and Microsoft .NET technologies.

    Microsoft .NET is a Microsoft software project that lets information, people, systems and devices be connected. This technology is based in 4 features:
    • .NET Framework, that is used for producing and running software, including web applications, mobile devices applications, integration with languages such as XML, SOAP, HTTP, etc.
    • Development tools (Visual Studio .NET) to maximize the application development with .NET Framework
    • Server Infrastructure, including Microsoft Windows Server 2003, Microsoft SQL Server, Microsoft BizTalk Server for web application integration, execution, operation and management.
    • Client Side, with Windows Vista, Microsoft Office, etc.

    Also, .NET Framework is a Windows component for the new generation development of web services and applications. Some features of .NET Framework are described below:

    • Support for more than 20 development languages
    • It lets a developer to use his/her time doing the software main logical development
    • It lets an easier application development

    In addition, .NET Framework are several libraries ready for developers, and they only need to instance classes and objects to develop their applications, creating software easier and faster.

    Managing Exchange 2007
    Exchange 2007 can be managed in two different ways:

    • GUI (Graphical User Interface): As it happens today, via a graphic interface. In Exchange 2007, the GUI is the Exchange Management Console, but tis console is very different at the one that was shipped with the previous versions of the product, and it is integrated completely with Windows Powershell.
    • CLI (Command Line Interface): In this version, we can manage Exchange Server 2007 from a command line, using Windows Powershell. This new way of management is called Exchange Management Shell. With Windows Powershell, Exchange Server can be installed from the command line.

    Windows Powershell Architecture

    Windows Powershell has a simple architecture, and it has the Windows Powershell engine that has sub-components (Script and Command Parser, Extended Type System, Cmdlets, Session State y NameSpace Providers). It can be accessed directly from the command shell, thru the MMC, or thru other hosts. When the access is done thru the graphic interface (WinForms) it has an interfaces called Monad Data Provider that comes before the engine.

    It lets us use other Providers to have access to the registry, file system, digital certificates, active directory, etc., always using the same standard structure for commands (cmdlets).

    Windows Powershell
    Windows Powershell is a powerful shell that lets us create scripts.

    ¿What is the difference with cmd.exe?

    Windows Powershell is totally based on .NET Framework, so when we run commands we will not need an executable file to do the job, because it will be using the .NET Framework libraries, which is a core component of a Microsoft Windows operating system. As we can see, all the calls from the graphic interface will be "redirected" to the Powershell engine, so we also can manage Exchange 2007 from a command line.

    Windows Powershell has a standard command structure called cmdlets, and it will be always be a verb (get, set, remove, etc..) plus a name (Mailbox, TransportAgent, ServiceHealth, etc), and they may be followed by a parameter. At the moment are more or less about 300 cmdlets with lots of parameters for Exchange 2007.

    We are going to analyze the cmdlet Get-Mailbox that lists the mailbox in a determinate server, the server is define by the parameter -server followed by the name of the server, in our case, it will be server1.

    Now we have some more examples and possible names with Windows Powershell:

    Verbs Names
    Update MailboxDatabase
    New StorageGroup
    Get SendConnector
    Remove TransportAgent
    Set MobileDevice
    Add SystemHealth
    Enable ServiceHealth
    Mount JournalRule
    Dismount MAPIConnectivity
    Disable ContentIndex
    Test DistributionGroup

    Another feature of Windows Powershell is that it lets us use pipes, so the output of one command can be used in another cmdlet, so we get a flexibility thru the command line without creating scripts.

    Ejemplo:

    Cmdlet
    Description
    get-mailbox 
    Lists all the mailboxes in all the servers
    get-mailbox | group-object Database
    the output of the first cmdlet (get-mailbox) will show all the mailboxes, the second cmdlet group-object Database will show us on the screen all the users of the base where they belong

    Exchange Management Console
    As we discussed in the Windows Powershell architecture, the Exchange Management Console makes possible show all the configurations and also create tasks in Exchange Server.

    Exchange Management Console was created from scratch, and it is based on WinForms. When we execute a task, it passes cmdlets to the Windows Powershell engine, so all the actions completed on the graphic interface can be reproduced on the command line.

    This new console has 4 panels, an overview of the console was described in this post. (http://joserodas.spaces.live.com/blog/cns!7ACD31096EF0FF72!347.entry)

    Exchange Management Console New Interface
    Now that we know the new GUI shipped with Exchange Server 2007, we also know that when we execute any task, that task is being "redirected" to a cmdlet. With every action on the Exchange Management Shell, there is a graphic interface text that shows us the cmdlet required to do the same action.



    We can copy the content of the wizard and it will be on memory so the exchange administrator can make use of the command, to copy it or just to create a script in order to automate tasks.

    Conclusion

    We showed how Exchange 2007 is integrated with Windows Powershell, so it lets us deploy Exchange 2007 using the features that Windows Powershell is giving us, or we can switch to the the Exchange 2007 GUI if we want to. 
    2007/1/19

    End-User Experience for OWA (Outlook Web Access) and Exchange Server 2007 coexistence

    Overview

    Exchange Server 2007 has a totally different Outlook Web Access (OWA) interface compared to its older versions and has many new features. In this tutorial we are going to compare the end user experience using OWA during the coexistence period of different versions of the product.

    More Information

    The table below compares the end user experience versus the installed Exchange Server versions:
     
    Client Access or Front-End Mailbox End User Experience
    Exchange Server 2007 Exchange Server 2007 Exchange Server 2007
    Exchange Server 2007 Exchange Server 2003 Exchange Server 2003
    Exchange Server 2007 Exchange 2000 Exchange 2000
    Exchange Server 2003 Exchange Server 2007 Não suportado


    Conclusion

    In this tutorial we reviews how is it going to be the end-user experience during the Exchange version migration period.

    Reviewing the Exchange Management Console of Exchange 2007

    Overview

    We are going to show the new Exchange Server management interface, the old ESM (Exchange System Manager) that now also has the help of Windows Powershell for all the Exchange Server System administration tasks.

    More information

    The new Exchange server mananagement console can be divided in 4 different panes, also called work areas, as shown below:


    Figure 1. Exchange Server 2007's new Management Console


    In the above example, if we click on Mailbox on the pane 1, all the interface will be automatically adjusted to assist the administrator in all the tasks for that option. The pane 2 will show options based on the context, in other words, it will only show information related to the Mailbox just clicking on any item (in our example, servers) and then all the mailboxes and storage groups of the selected item will be shown on the pane 2, and finally on the pane 4, we will have all the available options for the panes 2 and 3.
    Now, we will describe every pane on the Exchange Server Management Console:
     
    1. Tree
      Divided in Recipients, Server Configuration, Organization and Toolbox, it is the place where we will choose all the items to work on the other work areas. With this new way of view objects, we will easily separate all the user management tasks (this was not available in Exchange Server 2003), Organization and Servers configuration, split by features. And the last thing, we have the Toolbox that is a set of tools to help the administrator on all the product optimization and troubleshooting tasks, with some components, such as ExBPA, Queue Viewer, Performance Monitor, etc.
    2. Result Pane
      After selecting an item on the tree, (item 1) the options will appear here in this pane.
    3. Work Pane
      Here we will do all the configurations to the child objects of the Result Pane, for our above example, the server is shown in the Result Panel and all the maibox configuration options. These options are the Mailboxes and Storage Groups for this server. They may not show up, it will depend if the object on the pane 2 tiene sub-items.
    4. Action Pane
      This is a new feature on Exchange 2007 and it is similar to the used with ISA Server, this panel is sensible to the context, letting an administrator configure all the specific properties for an item selected on the pane 3 and also with configurations located on the pane 2.

    Conclusion

    In this tutorial we reviewed the new Exchange System Manager for Exchange Server 2007 (Exchange Management Console). It is important to say that this tutorial was written using the 32 bit RTM version of Exchange Server 2007. The 64 bit version may be similar, and if it is not the same, it will follow the same guidelines described on this tutorial.